{"id":644,"date":"2019-07-29T11:34:21","date_gmt":"2019-07-29T06:04:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.chemtopper.com\/myblog\/?page_id=644"},"modified":"2025-07-18T20:30:44","modified_gmt":"2025-07-18T15:00:44","slug":"electronegativity-series-part-5-induction-dipole-polarity-and-representation-of-dipoles","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.chemtopper.com\/myblog\/electronegativity-series-part-5-induction-dipole-polarity-and-representation-of-dipoles\/","title":{"rendered":"Electronegativity series part 5 – Induction, dipole, polarity, and representation of dipoles"},"content":{"rendered":"

Induction and dipole moment:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Induction and bond dipoles represent\u00a0\u00a0polarity<\/span> <\/strong>of a chemical bond.Polarity is due to difference in electronegativity.<\/p>\n

Induction and bond dipoles can be explained very well with the help of electronegativity difference<\/span><\/strong>.In this video there are plenty of examples discussed to explain the meaning of polarity, induction and dipole.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Examples are discussed\u00a0to\u00a0 represent Bond dipoles .Like carbon -oxygen chemical bond is a polar covalent bond because\u00a0 electronegativity of carbon is 2.5 and oxygen is 3.0. Oxygen being more electronegative pull\u00a0 \u00a0electron density of the shared pair of electron on itself and acquires a partial negative charge.However\u00a0 carbon\u00a0which\u00a0 is bonded with oxygen becomes electron deficient and\u00a0acquires\u00a0 a partial positive charge.The shifting of electron density in the direction of oxygen due to difference in electronegativity is called as induction. <\/span><\/strong>The charge separation due to this difference in electronegativity and formation of partial positive and partial negative is called as Bond dipole.<\/span><\/strong>A chemical bond with charge separation due to difference in electronegativity is a polar covalent bond.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"C-O<\/a>
Polarity of carbon- oxygen bond<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

A bond dipole\u00a0 charge separation is represented by an arrow with a tail.<\/span><\/strong> The tip of the arrow is in the direction of partial negative charge (electron rich )<\/span><\/strong>and the tail of\u00a0 arrow is in direction of partial positive charge(electron deficient).<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"dipole<\/a>
Dipole in a polar bond<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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Another example is\u00a0 molecule –formaldehyde<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

In formaldehyde oxygen is more electronegative than carbon so Carbon -oxygen bond has a polarity.Oxygen has a partial negative charge and carbon has a partial positive charge and bond dipole is represented by an arrow with tip in the direction of negative charge or oxygen atom and a tail and in the direction of positive charge or carbon atom.<\/p>\n

\"Difference<\/a>
Difference in electronegativity induction and dipole<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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Use electronegativities to predict the direction of the dipole moments of the following bonds\u00a0 <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Electronegativity<\/a>
Electronegativity table with Pauling scale values<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The difference in electronegativity can be used to predict the direction of the Bond dipoles.<\/p>\n

Many examples are discussed in videos which can make you expert in identifying a bond dipole.<\/p>\n

Electrostatic potential map:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Electronic charge distribution in organic molecules are represented by electrostatic potential maps These maps provides symbolic information about electron density and its distribution in the molecule\u00a0Basically it helps in identifying which part of molecule is\u00a0 electron rich\u00a0and\u00a0 which part is\u00a0 electron deficient.This helps in predicting bond polarity, dipoles and also the mechanism of the reactions. Negative part<\/span> <\/strong>is represented by red color<\/span> <\/strong>and \u00a0positive part<\/span> <\/strong>is represented by blue color<\/span><\/strong>.<\/p>\n

\"Electrostatic<\/a>
Electrostatic potential maps represents electronic charge distribution in a three dimensional molecule<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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Electronegativity series part 5 – Induction, dipole polarity, and representation of dipoles.<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n